Backpressure turbines are widely used mechanical devices. What are some common improper operating procedures when using diesel generators driven by backpressure turbines?
1. The diesel engine operates when there is insufficient lubricating oil.
At this point, insufficient lubricant supply can lead to inadequate oil film formation on the surfaces of various friction pairs, resulting in abnormal damage or burning. Therefore, before the diesel engine-generator set is put into operation and throughout its entire operating cycle, it’s crucial to ensure an adequate supply of lubricant to prevent common problems such as cylinder scoring and bearing burnout caused by insufficient oil.
After a diesel generator stalls, the coolant circulation in the cooling system stops, significantly reducing the heat-exchange efficiency of the thermal-siphon radiator. As a result, heated components lose their cooling, making parts such as the cylinder head, cylinder liner, and sleeve prone to overheating, which can lead to cracks or cause hydraulic cylinders to expand excessively and become jammed inside the cylinder liner. On the other hand, if the diesel engine’s shutdown equipment fails to allow the engine to idle and cool down properly before shutting off, the oil film on friction surfaces may become insufficient. When the diesel engine is restarted, the poor lubrication will exacerbate damage. Therefore, before a diesel generator shuts down, it is essential to remove the load gradually, reduce the transmission ratio step by step, and run at full load for more than ten minutes.
When starting a diesel generator in cold conditions, the high viscosity and poor fluidity of passenger car engine oil can result in insufficient fuel supply from the injectors. This leads to inadequate lubrication at the friction surfaces of the engine components, causing severe damage—including common issues such as cylinder scoring and bearing failure. Therefore, after starting a diesel engine in cold conditions, it’s essential to let it idle and warm up gradually until the oil temperature reaches above 40°C before applying any load. During the initial development phase, the engine should be operated in lower gears, progressively driving for a certain distance at each gear until the temperature stabilizes and sufficient oil is being supplied. Only then can the engine be switched to normal operation.
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